Notes

Convergence- when two things come together/join. e.g. two companies joining together.

Institutional convergence- when companies work together and produce a product it is called. e.g. Warp and channel 4 to produce this is England.

Distribution- how the product reaches the audience, how it is advertised and promoted.

The first definition means how the film gets to us.

Ways we can watch a film:

-Cinema

-DVD (home entertainment)

-Internet streaming. (YouTube, Netflix, Blinkbox, LoveFilm are all pay per view). Can view on TV, laptop, tablet, computer, I-pod, phone.

-TV (On demand e.g. sky, virgin, TalkTalk, BT)

-VHS

-Consoles (Can stream films)

Analogue methods-old media.

Digital methods-new media.

Technological convergence-when technologies come together and this provides new services for the audience (smartphone-phone, computer, camera, mp3 player, maps, and web)

Digital native- someone who has grown up with technology, born after 1995. (Grown up with the internet)

The internet used to be called the arpernet, used by the military. The internet is different to the world wide web. The world wide web is a service that anyone who doesn't understand computer coding can use. In 1991 Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented the world wide web.

Films can be downloaded illegally.

Advertising and Promotion- marketing the film to create maximum awareness to a specific target audience.

Ways a film is marketed:

-TV advert

-cinema adverts

-billboards (film posters)

-leaflets

-magazine adverts

-film posters (star persona)

-internet adverts

-merchandise

-premiere (press conference that gets publicised in the media)

-Trailers (teaser trailers=very short trailers shown in cinemas mainly, occasionally online), (theatrical trailer=full trailer shown in cinema and online), (TV adverts/trailers= different trailer due to time, TV  adverts are shorter)

-radio

-busses (film posters on the side containing the star persona)

-film reviews (empire, total film, independent, BBC-mark camode)

-Apps

-Rotten tomatoes/meta critic (film review sites)

-film festival

-promotional events (big events that gets the press' attention and these stories then sold to the media)

-in-store/citywide promotions e.g. Paddington in Paddington station.

-product placement (real companies paying the film producer to put their products in)

-websites

-web banners

-social media (actors putting pictures on instagram, film having their own accounts)

Technical convergence:

David Gauntlett 2002 discussed the rise of web 2.0.

This is the change in the internet being static, one way form of communication to a two way interactive medium. (in web 2.0 we can now comment on things, create out own blogs etc...)

UGC=user generated context

Media corporations have now taken back some power e.g. videos on YouTube can be taken down if their are copy right issues.​